Understanding Common Eye Conditions: Symptoms and Treatments

Maintaining healthy vision is an important part of overall well-being. However, many people experience changes in their eyesight over time due to common eye conditions. Knowing the signs and available treatments for these issues can help you protect your vision and seek timely care. Below, we explore some of the most frequently diagnosed eye conditions, their symptoms, and how they can be managed.

Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as dry, itchy, or burning eyes, a gritty sensation, sensitivity to light, and blurred vision. This condition occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears or the quality of your tears is insufficient to keep your eyes comfortably lubricated. Environmental factors, prolonged screen time, and certain medications can all contribute to dry eye.
 

Relief is often found through the use of artificial tears, prescription eye drops, and lifestyle changes. For more persistent cases, advanced treatments such as punctal plugs or in-office procedures may be recommended to restore lasting comfort.
 

Cataracts

Cataracts commonly present with cloudy or blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, seeing halos around lights, and frequent changes in prescription glasses. They develop when the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, most often due to the aging process. Cataracts tend to progress slowly, gradually impacting vision and quality of life. 
 

Early on, symptoms can often be managed with new prescription lenses and improved lighting. However, as cataracts advance, surgery is a safe and highly effective solution to restore clear vision.
 

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it may not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Over time, it can lead to a gradual loss of peripheral vision, and in advanced cases, tunnel vision. This group of eye diseases is caused by damage to the optic nerve, typically as a result of high intraocular pressure, and is a leading cause of vision loss if left untreated. 

Regular eye exams are essential for early detection. Treatment options may include prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery to lower eye pressure and prevent further damage.

Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD), often leads to blurred or reduced central vision, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, and straight lines appearing wavy. This condition affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision, and is most common in adults over 50. 
 

Although there is currently no cure for AMD, treatments such as nutritional supplements, anti-VEGF injections, and lifestyle modifications can help slow the progression of the disease and preserve remaining vision.
 

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, can cause red, swollen eyes, itching or burning sensations, watery or sticky discharge, and increased sensitivity to light. It may be triggered by infections (either viral or bacterial) as well as allergies or irritants. Pink eye is highly contagious when caused by infectious agents. 

Treatment depends on the underlying cause; bacterial conjunctivitis typically requires antibiotic eye drops, while viral cases usually resolve on their own. If allergies are to blame, antihistamines or other allergy medications can help alleviate symptoms.

Take Charge of Your Eye Health Today

Understanding the symptoms of common eye conditions empowers you to take charge of your eye health. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential for preserving your vision and maintaining your quality of life. Regular eye exams at Cobb Corner Eye Care can detect issues before they progress and ensure you receive the right care.
 

If you’ve noticed any changes in your vision or simply want to stay proactive about your eye health, contact Cobb Corner Eye Care to schedule your comprehensive eye exam and keep your vision clear and healthy. Visit our office in Stoughton, Massachusetts, or call (781) 344-3335 to book an appointment today.